Debate Article: Is the "Non-Mixing of Two Seas" a Miracle of Allah or a Basic Law of Physics?

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute

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Introduction

Muslims often claim that the phenomenon of two seas not mixing — as mentioned in the Quran — is a divine miracle proving the authenticity of Islam and the omniscience of Allah. This claim is typically linked to verses such as Surah Al-Kahf 18:60-82 where Musa (Moses) speaks about the meeting point of two seas.

However, upon closer examination through the lens of natural science — particularly physics and oceanography — it becomes evident that this occurrence is not miraculous at all, but rather a normal and explainable event dictated by the laws of nature.

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Understanding the Science: The Role of Density

Before rushing to declare divine miracles, it is important to grasp some elementary physics:

• Density (ρ) is the ratio of mass (m) to volume (V):

  $$\text{Density (ρ)} = \frac{\text{Mass (m)}}{\text{Volume (V)}}$$

• Saltwater has a higher density than freshwater because it contains dissolved salts.

When two bodies of water with different densities meet — such as where a river meets the sea — they form a temporary boundary, called a halocline. This boundary exists because of the difference in salinity, temperature, and pressure.

Over time, currents, tides, and wind cause the waters to mix gradually. Initially, however, a visible boundary can exist, sometimes distinguishable by color, clarity, and texture.

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Is This a Miracle?

The claim that this natural phenomenon is a miracle stems from a misunderstanding of basic physics.

It is not a miracle, but a well-documented, scientifically explainable occurrence.

Oceanographers and environmental scientists have studied this for centuries. It happens wherever two bodies of water with different physical properties meet. It is governed by the laws of density and fluid dynamics — principles universally accepted in science.

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Quran’s Contradiction

Additionally, it’s worth noting that while Muslims claim miraculous knowledge in this, the Quran also contains several inconsistencies regarding descriptions of paradise, hell, and other scientific matters. It fails to provide coherent or consistent explanations on numerous subjects, including the number of gardens in paradise or what food will be served in hell, as detailed in other debates.

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Conclusion

The claim that the "non-mixing of two seas" is a miracle proves to be nothing more than a case of scientific illiteracy and misplaced religious enthusiasm.

The phenomenon is scientifically explainable and does not serve as evidence for divine intervention or the authenticity of the Quran.

We pray for our Muslim brothers and sisters to seek true knowledge, which is found in the eternal, living Word of God through Jesus Christ — the Lord of all creation.

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Shalom,
Dr. Maxwell Shimba
Shimba Theological Institute

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