Does Satan Reside in Mecca? A Theological Reflection on the Islamic Ritual of Stoning the Devil
By Max Shimba Ministries Org.
Originally Published: July 15, 2015
Abstract
This article examines the Islamic ritual of stoning the devil during the Hajj pilgrimage and critically evaluates its theological implications. The piece questions the rationale behind this practice and contrasts it with biblical revelation. It seeks to provoke reflection on whether such a ritual is consistent with a monotheistic belief in an all-powerful God.
Introduction
Dear brothers and sisters, this article brings to light a controversial aspect of the Islamic pilgrimage (Hajj). As unbelievable as it may sound, during the Hajj, Muslims participate in a ritual act of throwing stones at structures symbolizing Satan. This act occurs in Mina, near Mecca, and follows what is believed to be a prophetic tradition (Sunnah). But what does this signify theologically? Does Satan physically reside in Mecca? What are the origins of this ritual? These are the critical questions this article explores.
The Ritual of Stoning in Hajj
On the 10th day of Dhu al-Hijjah, pilgrims depart from Muzdalifah and collect stones along the way. Islamic tradition prescribes that on this first day, only seven stones are to be thrown, in accordance with prophetic practice.
According to a Hadith:
“The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) delayed stoning until after the sun had risen…” (Reported by At-Tirmidhi)
Those with valid excuses may delay stoning until sunset, although it is preferable to perform the act between noon (Zawal) and sunset.
At Mina, the ritual of stoning the devil begins. Pilgrims throw seven stones at a pillar known as Jamrat al-Aqabah, which symbolizes Satan. This practice is repeated during the nights of the 11th, 12th, and for some, the 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah.
Critical Observations
The question arises: does Satan have a physical body that can be harmed by stones? Is Allah incapable of defeating Satan without the help of humans pelting him with stones?
The fact that Muslims throw stones at a fixed structure year after year suggests a ritualistic personification of Satan. If Satan is indeed a spiritual being, how effective can physical stones be? This ritual appears more symbolic than efficacious, yet it holds a central place in Hajj.
Moreover, the ritual is performed at night for three consecutive days—another element that raises questions about its purpose and meaning.
Du'a After Stoning
After stoning each of the first two pillars (Jamaraat), pilgrims are encouraged to face the Qiblah and offer supplications (du‘a). However, after stoning the third (largest) pillar, no such prayer is prescribed.
“The Prophet (peace be upon him) used to pray after throwing each Jamaraat, except after the last one.”
(Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Imam Ahmad)
This structure raises theological concerns: why omit prayer after the final act of stoning? What differentiates the last pillar from the rest?
Departure from Mina: The Hastening Day (Yawm al-Isti’jaal)
Pilgrims who choose to stay only two days in Mina may leave on the 12th of Dhu al-Hijjah before sunset. However, if they remain past sunset, they are obliged to stay a third day. For those with no pressing responsibilities, remaining for the third night is encouraged.
The Farewell Circumambulation (Tawaf al-Wida’)
Before departing Mecca, pilgrims must perform a farewell circumambulation (Tawaf al-Wida’). This involves circling the Ka‘bah seven times without performing Sa‘i (the walk between Safa and Marwah), which was done earlier in the pilgrimage.
Theological Reflection
There is no mention in the Torah, the Psalms, or the Gospels (Injil) where God commands His people to stone Satan. This ritual is found exclusively in Islamic tradition and lacks biblical precedent. It contradicts the nature of God as revealed in the Bible—an omnipotent Being who needs no human assistance to defeat the devil.
Is it reasonable for a person to collect stones and throw them at a symbolic representation of Satan? Does this ritual have divine efficacy? Is it not an act based more on folklore than revealed scripture?
Conclusion and Appeal
The practice of stoning the devil in Mina suggests a ritualistic tradition devoid of biblical foundation. It also hints at a deeper theological confusion—depicting Satan as having a location and a tangible presence subject to physical attack.
We encourage all Christians around the world to pray for our Muslim brothers and sisters. Many travel across continents to participate in a ritual of stoning Satan, unaware that true victory over evil comes only through Jesus Christ.
Challenging Questions for Muslims
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What spiritual benefit is derived from stoning Satan?
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Where in the Abrahamic scriptures is Abraham shown stoning Satan?
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Why is this ritual exclusive to Islamic sources and absent from the Torah, Psalms, and Gospels?
We invite you to consider the person and power of Jesus Christ, the true conqueror of Satan.
“Then the God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet.” (Romans 16:20)
Max Shimba Ministries Org.
July 2015
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