Tuesday, December 2, 2025

Why It Is Impossible to Refute Scientific Evidence

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba

Shimba Theological Institute

Scientific evidence is not built on emotion, personal preference, or religious loyalty—it is built on observable reality, verified through rigorous testing, repeatable experiments, and objective measurements. This makes it fundamentally different from opinions, traditions, or ideological claims. To refute true scientific evidence is nearly impossible because of the structure upon which science stands.


1. Scientific Evidence Is Based on Observable and Measurable Facts

Science does not present ideas that cannot be tested.
It relies on facts gathered through:

  • direct observation

  • measurement

  • experimentation

  • data analysis

A claim becomes scientific evidence only after it has been tested and confirmed repeatedly.
You cannot refute what can be seen, measured, and proven consistently.


2. Scientific Evidence Must Be Reproducible

One of the strongest safeguards of science is repeatability.
If a scientific claim is true, then:

  • every lab in the world

  • using the same method

  • under the same conditions

will reach the same conclusion.

If a claim cannot be reproduced, it is discarded.
This makes scientific evidence extremely difficult to challenge—because anyone can test it.


3. Scientific Evidence is Self-Correcting

Unlike ideology, science is not threatened by correction.
If new evidence emerges, science:

  • updates itself

  • revises old conclusions

  • removes errors

This humility makes science stronger, not weaker.
It becomes very difficult to refute a system that is designed to correct its own mistakes.


4. Scientific Evidence Is Peer-Reviewed

Before scientific findings are accepted, they must be evaluated by experts who try to:

  • disprove them

  • find flaws

  • question the methods

  • check the data

Only after surviving this intellectual “attack” does a claim become accepted.
This creates a filter that eliminates weak or false claims.


5. Science Separates Belief From Reality

Belief can be sincere and deeply held—but belief alone does not create fact.
Science does not ask:

  • How strongly do you feel this is true?
    but rather:

  • Can we prove it? Does it hold under scrutiny?

Because scientific evidence is anchored in reality—not emotion—it cannot be refuted by devotion or tradition.


6. Scientific Evidence Predicts Outcomes

A powerful test of truth is predictive accuracy.

Scientific evidence can:

  • forecast eclipses

  • calculate chemical reactions

  • predict disease patterns

  • estimate the speed of light

  • determine DNA relationships

When something consistently predicts outcomes correctly, it becomes extremely difficult to refute.


7. Scientific Evidence Does Not Depend on Authority

Science is not true because a scientist says so—it is true because reality confirms it.

Even a child can refute a scientific claim if they produce better evidence.
This makes scientific truth open, testable, and universal.


Conclusion

To refute scientific evidence, one must present stronger, more accurate, and more reproducible evidence.
If such evidence does not exist, then the scientific conclusion stands firm.

This is why, in debates about religion, history, philosophy, or culture, people can argue endlessly—but when scientific evidence enters the room, the argument bows to measurable reality.



Women Have No Place in the Islamic Heaven (Jannah)

Women Have No Place in the Islamic Heaven (Jannah)

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba — Shimba Theological Institute

Prophet Muhammad, in Sahih al-Bukhari Book 2:541, says:

“I have not seen anyone more deficient in intelligence and religion than a woman.”

Again in Sahih al-Bukhari Book 7:33, Muhammad states:

“I have not left behind me any affliction more harmful to men than women.”

And in Sahih al-Bukhari Book 7, Chapter 88:124, he says:

“I stood at the gate of Hell, and I saw that the majority of those who entered it were women.”

The Qur’an even permits men to beat their wives.
Qur’an 4:34 — Surah An-Nisa.

Qur’an 3:14 speaks of women as objects of desire, listed together with gold, silver, horses, livestock, and farmland.

In Surah al-Baqarah 2:223, Allah tells Muslim men:

“Your wives are your fields of cultivation. Go to your fields however you wish.”


What the Bible Teaches About Women

The Bible uplifts women with honor:

  • “He who finds a wife finds a good thing and obtains favor from the LORD.” (Proverbs 18:22)

  • Women are allowed to preach and minister (1 Corinthians 11:1–5).

  • Jesus commissioned a woman—Mary Magdalene—as the first witness of His resurrection (John 20:16–18).


The Contradiction of Islamic Punishment for Adultery

The punishment for adultery in Islam has two conflicting laws:

1. Qur’anic Law

Surah An-Nur 24:2 commands:

“Flog both the male and the female adulterer with 100 lashes, in the presence of the believers.”

The Qur’an gives the same punishment for:

  • married adulterers

  • unmarried adulterers

But:

2. Hadith Law (Muhammad’s Law)

The Hadith—Sahih al-Bukhari Book 8, No. 805—teaches stoning to death for adulterers.

Most Qur’an translations avoid the word “stoning” because it is not found anywhere in the Arabic Qur’an, the original language. It only appears in Hadith.

So which is stronger?
Allah’s law in the Qur’an?
Or Muhammad’s law in the Hadith?

Why did Muhammad’s law override Allah’s law?
Why did the 100-lashes punishment get replaced by stoning?

These contradictions expose a system that punishes women far more severely.


Islam Allows Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)

While many nations fight against FGM, Islamic nations continue the practice.

According to Muhammad in:

  • Sunan Abu Dawud Book 41, Hadith 5251

  • Ahmad ibn Hanbal 5:75

  • Abu Dawud Adab 167

Circumcision of women is described as an “honor.”

In July 2014, the newly formed Islamic State in Iraq ordered that all women aged 11 to 46 must be circumcised according to Islamic Sharia.
To this day, the Islamic State has never denied or reversed this order, nor has any major Islamic authority condemned it.


The Islamic Heaven (Jannah)

The Islamic idea of paradise stands in complete contrast to the Christian Heaven.

Surah Al-Waqi’ah 56:10–40 describes Jannah as a place where:

  • Muslim men drink wine

  • enjoy fruits like bananas

  • eat birds

  • and receive virgins with special physical features

Nothing in these verses explains what Muslim women will enjoy in paradise.

Surah Az-Zukhruf 43:70 says that men will enter paradise with their wives.
So what happens to:

  • Muslim women who were never married?

  • Married Muslim women whose husbands receive heavenly virgins?

  • Women who lost their husbands?

  • Widows?

  • Divorced women?

And another disturbing contradiction:

Surah Maryam 19:71–72 says that every Muslim, including Muhammad, must pass through Hell.

So how can Muslims go to Jannah with their wives, when Allah has already decreed that all of them—including Muhammad—must first enter Hell?

The Hadith adds even more confusion.
Riyadh as-Salihin No. 1859 says that one of the rivers of paradise flows out of Muhammad’s house—yet Islamic theology teaches that Allah has no likeness or partner (Surah 112:4).

In contrast:

The Bible teaches that Heaven is for both men and women equally.

  • Matthew 22:30

  • John 14:1–3

  • 1 Thessalonians 4

The Christian Heaven is holy, eternal, and centered on God’s presence—not sensual reward.


My Questions to You

  1. Why did Allah permit female genital mutilation?

  2. Where did the stoning punishment really come from—Allah or Muhammad?

  3. Is Muhammad’s law stronger than Allah’s law?

  4. Why was the 100-lashes law cancelled by Hadith?

  5. Will unmarried Muslim women in paradise receive 72 husbands the way Muslim men receive 72 virgins?

Reflect.

Question everything.

Take action.

And finally…

Come to Jesus.

He loves women.
He honors them.
He saves them.
And He offers eternal life—not based on gender, but on grace.



Allah Publicly Disgraces Muhammad

Allah Publicly Disgraces Muhammad

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba – Shimba Theological Institute

Muslims strongly believe that Muhammad is holy, powerful, and honored by Allah. However, as I was reading the Qur’an, I was astonished to discover that Allah speaks harshly and disgracefully to Muhammad, His so-called messenger. The Qur’an itself contains verses where Allah rebukes Muhammad openly and uses embarrassing language against him, as shown in the following passages:

  • “You, Muhammad, will die, and your people will also die.”
    Surah Az-Zumar 39:30

  • “Then on the Day of Resurrection, you will dispute before your Lord.”
    (Again affirming Muhammad’s mortality)
    Surah Az-Zumar 39:31

  • “Say, ‘I am only a human being like you.’”
    Surah Al-Kahf 18:110

  • “Ask forgiveness for your sin and for the believing men and believing women.”
    The Qur’an never states that Muhammad or his followers were forgiven.
    Surah Muhammad 47:19

  • “You cannot guide whom you love.”
    Surah Al-Qasas 28:56

  • “Even if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will never forgive them.”
    Surah At-Tawbah 9:80

  • “Why has no angel been sent down to us? Why do we not see the angels?”
    The Qur’an never shows Muhammad presenting an angel as proof.
    Surah Al-Hijr 15:6–7

  • “O People of the Book, you are on nothing until you uphold the Torah and the Gospel…”
    Allah confirms that the Jews and Christians must follow their Scriptures, not Islam.
    Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:68

  • “What kind of messenger is this, who eats food and walks in the markets?
    Why was an angel not sent down with him? Is he bewitched?”

    Surah Al-Furqan 25:7–8

  • “There is none of you who will not pass over Hell; this is an irrevocable decree.”
    Surah Maryam 19:71

  • “Then We will save those who feared Allah and leave the wrongdoers within it.”
    Surah Maryam 19:72


Critical Questions

1. Who are the ones saying “We will save those who fear Allah”?

Muslims believe only Allah saves. Why then does Allah speak as if others share this role?

2. Why does Allah send His believers into Hell—both the righteous and the sinners?

If all Muslims must enter Hell first, does this not prove there is no true Islamic Heaven except Hell itself, a place entered by believers and evildoers alike?

3. Why does Allah use offensive and humiliating words toward His own messenger?

This is a serious theological contradiction.

Throughout the Qur’an, Allah praises Isa (Jesus) far more than Muhammad. Yet the same Qur’an records Allah speaking harshly, humiliatingly, and offensively to Muhammad.
In contrast, the God of the Bible never speaks disgracefully about Jesus Christ.
The Qur’an’s portrayal of Allah belittling Muhammad is deeply embarrassing for the Muslim community.


Why does Allah disgrace Muhammad in this manner?

Reflect.

Question everything.

Take action.

Dr. Maxwell Shimba
Shimba Theological Institute



THREE (3) REASONS WHY MUHAMMAD IS NOT A PROPHET

THREE (3) REASONS WHY MUHAMMAD IS NOT A PROPHET

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute

The source of a matter is its beginning and its foundation. Roots are always underground; for this reason, people often ignore what is hidden below and only focus on what appears above the ground. A person suffering from a toothache needs to know the cause—the root of the tooth. If the root has decayed, it must be examined, or else the whole tooth will remain painful. The root of the tooth cannot be seen, yet you know it is there because the pain is severe.

The world today is in pain, and that pain will not end until we understand the source. If I simply believe something without investigating its origin, I will remain with lifelong pain. Because faith is central to human life, I must carefully examine whether the source of Muhammad's message is true. Does he have the qualities of a prophet? Do his actions prove that he is truly a prophet? Does Muhammad possess power like the other prophets? These are many questions, but they are important in order to believe what is right.
If I believe without knowing the source, I remain with permanent pain.

I have three important reasons that make me question whether Muhammad is truly a prophet. Why do such things exist in his story? Is the source of the matter genuinely divine, or is there something behind it? Can I trust a foundation filled with contradictions?


1. WHY DID MUHAMMAD NOT STRIKE THE ANGEL—AS PROPHET MOSES DID?

Bukhari, Muslim, and others narrate:
It is reported from Azzuhry, through ‘Urwah ibn Zubair, from Aisha (the wife of Muhammad), that Angel Jibreel came to Muhammad in the cave of Hira and told him, “Read.”
Muhammad replied, “I do not know how to read.”
Muhammad said the angel then seized him tightly until he was overwhelmed. The angel again commanded, “Read.”
Muhammad repeated, “I do not know how to read.”
The angel squeezed him again with great force and said, “Read in the name of your Lord who created—created man from a clot of blood. Read, and your Lord is the Most Generous.”
(Qur’an 96:1–3)

After this, Muhammad returned to his wife Khadija trembling with great fear. When he entered, he threw himself down saying, “Cover me! Cover me!”
When he calmed down he said, “I am afraid—something terrible may happen to me!”
Khadija comforted him saying: “No! By Allah, God will never disgrace you…”

But compare this with another narration:

Sahih Bukhari Hadith 1339 shows the Angel of Death complaining to Allah:
“You sent me to a servant who does not want to die.”
Abu Huraira narrates that Allah sent the Angel of Death to take the soul of Moses. Moses struck him with a blow that knocked out his eye! The angel returned to Allah saying, “You sent me to Your servant who does not want to die; he struck me and removed my eye.” Allah restored his eye…

(References: Sahih Bukhari 1339; Sahih Muslim; Musnad Ahmad; Al-Musannaf; Sunan An-Nasa’i; Al-Bidaya wan-Nihaya; Tarikh At-Tabari)

These accounts contradict each other, but the question remains:

Why did Jibreel seize and squeeze Muhammad until he nearly fainted?
Why did Muhammad only agree to “read” after being violently pressed the third time?
Why didn’t he accept the command the first time—before the suffering?
And why did he return home trembling in great fear?

Was Muhammad unable to strike the angel as Moses did?
Moses removed the eye of the Angel of Death, yet Muhammad was powerless before Jibreel?

It is impossible that a true prophet would be weaker than Moses, who defeated an angel with a single blow.


2. HIS PROPHETHOOD WAS CONFIRMED BY A SORCERER (WITCH-DOCTOR)

Khadija once consulted a traditional healer (a sorcerer) who had given her a piece of paper to bring to Muhammad. The healer claimed that if Muhammad’s strange condition was caused by madness, he would be healed.

When Khadija returned home, she found Muhammad reciting the Qur’an. She took him to the sorcerer, who examined Muhammad and uncovered his back. He then saw the so-called “seal of prophethood” between his shoulders.

(References: Tarikh al-Khamis; Al-Sira al-Halabiyya; Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya)

If a sorcerer—who has no power from God—is the one confirming Muhammad’s prophethood, can such a testimony be trusted?
How can Jibreel and a witch-doctor lead to the same conclusion?
What spirit was truly involved?


3. MUHAMMAD ATTEMPTED TO COMMIT SUICIDE

Muhammad himself confessed that during those experiences he climbed to the top of a high mountain intending to throw himself off and die.

(Reference: Al-Musannaf J.5 p.323)

I have deeply reflected on this:
What secret was Muhammad hiding that drove him to such an extreme step?
Why would he want to kill himself if the message truly came from the real God?

Would a true prophet attempt suicide?

This forces me to examine what Muhammad saw in that cave.

Waraqa bin Nawfal told Khadija:
“Ask Muhammad who is coming to him—if it is the angel Mikael, then he brings peace. But if it is Jibreel, then he brings war and captivity.”
When Khadija asked Muhammad, he answered, “It is Jibreel.”
Khadija then struck her own face in distress.

(Reference: Tarikh al-Ya’qubi)

Why did Khadija strike her face after learning it was Jibreel who had seized Muhammad?

With all this evidence, can anyone still claim that Muhammad’s revelations came from the true God?


**Think.

Examine.
Seek the truth.
Come to Jesus.**



DO YOU KNOW WHY MUSLIMS SEND BLESSINGS (SALAWAT) UPON MUHAMMAD EVERY DAY?

Thursday, December 29, 2016

DO YOU KNOW WHY MUSLIMS SEND BLESSINGS (SALAWAT) UPON MUHAMMAD EVERY DAY?

Because Muhammad died with more sins than any other created being.

In his book “End-Time Front Line” (Mwisho Mstari wa Mbele), Reza Safa writes that in the hadith where Muhammad’s wife Khadija asked him to forgive her sins, Muhammad replied that he himself was not sure whether his own sins were forgiven! If he himself had no assurance of forgiveness, how could he forgive her sins?


MUHAMMAD ASKED FOR FORGIVENESS ONE HUNDRED TIMES PER DAY

In Sahih Muslim, Book 35, Number 6522, it states that the Prophet Muhammad was so sinful that he asked Allah for forgiveness one hundred times every day. Quote:

“Al-Agharr al-Muzani, one of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), reported that the Messenger of Allah said: ‘Sometimes a veil is cast over my heart, and I seek forgiveness from Allah one hundred times a day.’”

Notice that the Islamic tradition not only declares Muhammad sinful, but also reveals that he felt a veil—a dark or troubling feeling—over his heart. Yet according to the Qur’an, Muhammad is supposed to be the perfect model for life and conduct.

So how could Muhammad have a dark veil over his heart?

Where did this heaviness come from, especially if he was receiving “revelation” from Allah?

Could it be possible that the so-called revelation itself was the darkness filling his heart?


The Qur’an (68:4)

“Your life and conduct is an example.”
(Mohammed Knut Bernström, The Qur’an)


All Humanity Has Sinned

The Bible teaches that all human beings have sinned. This includes Muhammad—he was a sinner just like all other people.

But Muhammad himself admitted that his sins were not forgiven, despite asking for forgiveness one hundred times a day.

Dear reader, why should we follow or listen to Muhammad, who openly admitted that his sins remained unforgiven?

Why did Allah fail to forgive Muhammad’s sins?
Does Allah even have the power to forgive sin?

Muhammad is the only religious founder who died in his sins, and the wages of sin is death in hell.


Romans 6:23

“For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.”

Because the sinner is condemned to die:

“And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment.”
(Hebrews 9:27)


Why die in your sins like Muhammad, and be eternally separated from God in Hell?

My friend,

I ask you the most important question of your life. Your eternal joy—or your eternal sorrow—depends on your answer. The question is this:

Are you saved?

Not: How good are you?
Not: Do you belong to a church?
But simply: Are you saved?
Are you certain that you will go to heaven when you die?

Make sure that you are saved. If you lose your soul, you lose heaven, and you lose everything. Please allow God to save you right now.

God bless you greatly.

I am Max Shimba,
A servant of Jesus Christ
For Max Shimba Ministries Org

MAX SHIMBA MINISTRIES ORG ©2016. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this document, but altering it is not allowed.



A Theological Critique of Islamic Revelation: An Academic Perspective

A Theological Critique of Islamic Revelation: An Academic Perspective

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba
Shimba Theological Institute

Religious claims must be evaluated through historical analysis, theological consistency, textual reliability, and the moral fruit they produce. Within Christian scholarship, one of the enduring debates concerns the origin of Muhammad’s revelations and the legitimacy of Islam’s claim to divine authority. This article presents a Christian apologetic argument asserting that the revelations received by Muhammad were not from the God of the Bible and that Christianity alone presents the true and salvific revelation of God.


1. The Question of Revelation: Divine or Non-Divine?

The central claim of Islam is that Muhammad received revelations directly from Allah through the angel Jibril (Gabriel). However, from a biblical perspective, this claim raises significant theological difficulties. The content of Muhammad’s revelations—particularly their denial of the deity of Christ, the crucifixion, and the Trinity—stands in stark contradiction to the previously revealed Scriptures (Torah, Psalms, and Gospel), which the Qur’an itself acknowledges as divine.

According to classical Christian theology, any revelation that contradicts prior revelation from the true God cannot originate from Him. This echoes the apostolic warning:

“Even if an angel from heaven should preach a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed.”
(Galatians 1:8)

Thus, Christian scholars historically concluded that Muhammad’s revelations cannot be considered divine in origin.


2. Islam and the Question of Peace

Islam often identifies itself as a religion of peace. However, the historical and textual evidence within the Qur’an and early Islamic tradition reveals a more complex picture. Several passages advocate the use of force in spreading the faith, and Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) historically integrates religious authority with political and military power.

By contrast, Jesus Christ preached a message of peace rooted in transformation of the heart, forgiveness of enemies, and the separation of spiritual authority from political coercion:

“My kingdom is not of this world.”
(John 18:36)

Thus, Christian theologians conclude that the ethical framework of Christianity is fundamentally different from that of Islam, particularly on issues of violence, salvation, and human dignity.


3. The Exclusive Claim of Christianity: Jesus as the Only Way

Christianity stands on the historic and theological foundation that Jesus Christ is the sole and final revelation of God, the fulfillment of all prophecies, and the only mediator between God and humanity. Jesus declared:

“I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me.”
(John 14:6)

Unlike the claims surrounding Muhammad, the ministry of Jesus is supported by fulfilled prophecy, miraculous works, eyewitness testimony, and the resurrection—a historical event that no other religion can parallel.

Christianity is not merely a belief system; it is the culmination of God’s redemptive plan through Christ. Therefore, any later religious movement that denies the identity and mission of Jesus cannot be considered a continuation of God’s revelation.


4. Conclusion

From a Christian theological standpoint, Islam does not represent a divinely inspired faith. Its teachings conflict with the established revelations of the Bible, its portrayal of Jesus contradicts historical and prophetic truth, and its doctrine deviates from the character of God revealed through Scripture. Christianity—grounded in the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ—remains the only true path to salvation.

This critique is presented not out of hostility toward Muslims as individuals but out of commitment to biblical truth and sound theological inquiry. The Christian mission remains the proclamation of Christ’s saving grace to all peoples, including those within the Islamic world.



Proverbs 30:3–4 and the Revelation of the Divine Son

 Proverbs 30:3–4 and the Revelation of the Divine Son:

An Academic Reflection Affirming the Deity of Jesus Christ
By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute


Introduction

Among the most profound theological insights in the Old Testament is found in Proverbs 30:3–4, a text attributed to Agur son of Jakeh. This passage raises rhetorical questions that point beyond human capability and into the mystery of the Divine. Remarkably, this ancient wisdom poetry foreshadows the revelation of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. When read carefully, Proverbs 30:3–4 not only affirms the existence of God but also explicitly introduces the concept of God’s Son—long before the incarnation.

This article presents an academic and theological analysis demonstrating that the Old Testament affirms the divinity of Jesus Christ and anticipates His identity as the eternal Son of God.


1. Proverbs 30:3–4: A Unique Old Testament Witness

The passage reads:

“Who has ascended into heaven, or descended?
Who has gathered the wind in His fists?
Who has bound the waters in a garment?
Who has established all the ends of the earth?
What is His name, and what is His Son’s name,
If you know?”
(NKJV)

Agur confesses his human limitations (“I neither learned wisdom nor have knowledge of the Holy One”), then immediately points to One who alone performs divine acts: ascending and descending from heaven, gathering the wind, controlling the waters, and establishing the earth. These actions are unmistakably the works of YHWH, the God of Israel.

However, the final rhetorical question introduces something unprecedented:
God has a Son, and His identity is knowable.

For a Jewish wisdom text written centuries before Christ, this is a significant revelation. It establishes that the Hebrew Scriptures contain categories for divine sonship long before the New Testament era.


2. Ascending and Descending: A Messianic Identifier

The question “Who has ascended into heaven, or descended?” directly aligns with the ministry of Jesus.

In John 3:13, Jesus states:

“No one has ascended to heaven but He who came down from heaven, that is, the Son of Man.”

Jesus identifies Himself as the One who both descends from heaven in the incarnation and ascends back to heaven in exaltation. He answers the very question Proverbs 30 poses.

This is not merely a poetic parallel; it is a theological fulfillment.
Proverbs 30:4 describes a uniquely divine function—free movement between heaven and earth—which Jesus alone claims and demonstrates.


3. Authority Over Creation: A Divine Prerogative

Agur describes the Holy One as the One who:

  • “gathered the wind in His fists”

  • “bound the waters in a garment”

  • “established all the ends of the earth”

These images match what the New Testament says about Jesus:

  • Jesus calms the wind and the sea (Matthew 8:26–27):
    The disciples ask, “What manner of Man is this, that even the wind and the sea obey Him?” — an echo of Proverbs 30’s description of divine authority.

  • Jesus is the Creator of all things (Colossians 1:16):
    Paul explicitly attributes creation to Christ.

  • Jesus sustains the world by His power (Hebrews 1:3).

These parallels are not coincidental—they reveal that the One who performs divine acts in Proverbs 30 is the same Divine Son revealed in Jesus Christ.


4. “What Is His Name, and What Is His Son’s Name?”

The climax of the passage reveals a stunning theological truth:
The God of Israel has a Son, and His name is worthy of inquiry.

This foreshadows multiple Old Testament texts:

  • Psalm 2:7
    “You are My Son, today I have begotten You.”

  • Isaiah 9:6
    The promised Child is called “Mighty God” and “Everlasting Father.”

  • Daniel 7:13–14
    The “Son of Man” receives eternal dominion and worship—privileges belonging only to God.

Thus, Proverbs 30:4 is not an isolated anomaly; it is part of a consistent pattern of Old Testament passages pointing toward a Divine, pre-existent Son of God.


5. Jesus as the Fulfillment of Proverbs 30:4

When Agur asks, “What is His Son’s name?” he anticipates a future revelation. The New Testament answers decisively:

His name is Jesus (Yeshua), the eternal Word made flesh (John 1:14).

Jesus Himself affirms His divine identity in ways that directly correspond to Proverbs 30:

  • He claims heavenly origin and destination (John 6:38; John 3:13).

  • He demonstrates control over nature.

  • He receives worship as God (John 20:28).

  • He declares unity with the Father (John 10:30).

Proverbs 30:4 thus becomes a prophetic pointer to Christ’s divine identity.


6. Conclusion: The Old Testament Affirms the Deity of Christ

Proverbs 30:3–4 stands as one of the clearest Old Testament foreshadowings of the divine Son of God. Its rhetorical framework demands acknowledgment of:

  1. A Divine Being who transcends heaven and earth.

  2. A Creator with full authority over nature.

  3. A Son whose identity is both mysterious and revelatory.

  4. A continuity between Old Testament wisdom and New Testament Christology.

When viewed through the lens of biblical theology, the passage forms an unmistakable bridge from Old Testament revelation to New Testament fulfillment.

Jesus Christ is not a New Testament invention; He is the eternal Son revealed progressively throughout Scripture.
Proverbs 30:4 affirms this truth centuries before the incarnation, testifying that the God of Israel has a Son—and His name is Jesus Christ, the Lord.


By Dr. Maxwell Shimba
Shimba Theological Institute

Monday, December 1, 2025

The Quran’s Inconsistencies and Contradictory Claims: A Theological and Scholarly Inquiry

 Title: The Quran’s Inconsistencies and Contradictory Claims: A Theological and Scholarly Inquiry

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba, Shimba Theological Institute
Published: July 21, 2015


Abstract

This article critically examines several internal inconsistencies and scientifically questionable claims found within the Quran. While many Muslims assert that the Bible has been corrupted and that the Quran alone remains the unaltered word of God, this study argues that the Quran itself contains numerous contradictions that challenge its claim to divine authorship. Through a comparative textual and theological analysis, this paper presents key contradictions and scientific errors as evidence of the Quran’s human origin rather than divine inspiration.


Introduction

Muslims have often endeavored to demonstrate that the Holy Bible has been corrupted, seeking to establish the Quran as the only true and unaltered word of God. However, such claims are not only historically unfounded but also internally inconsistent when examined alongside the Quran’s own text. The following analysis presents several passages within the Quran that raise serious theological, logical, and scientific concerns. Each example is discussed to highlight the textual contradictions that undermine the claim of Quranic inerrancy.


1. The Destruction of the People of ‘Ād

  • Surah 54:19 states that the city of ‘Ād was destroyed “in one day”.

  • Surah 69:6–7, however, claims that they were destroyed over “seven nights and eight days.”

This contradiction presents a chronological inconsistency. If the Quran is the literal word of an all-knowing deity, there should not be such disparity in describing the same event.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 54:19

  • Qur’an 69:6–7


2. The Angelic Visitation to Mary

  • Surah 19:17 depicts a single angel appearing to Mary.

  • Surah 3:42 mentions multiple angels addressing her.

The contradiction raises questions about whether the visitation involved one or several angels. Such inconsistencies in divine revelation challenge the notion of a perfect and consistent message from God.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 19:17

  • Qur’an 3:42


3. The Death of Pharaoh

  • Surah 28:40 states that Pharaoh drowned and perished in the sea.

  • Surah 10:92 indicates that Pharaoh survived, as God preserved his body as a sign for future generations.

This presents a theological paradox—did Pharaoh die, or was he saved? Both cannot simultaneously be true.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 28:40

  • Qur’an 10:92


4. The Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring

  • Surah 18:86 claims that the sun sets in a spring of murky water.

From a scientific perspective, this assertion is untenable. The sun, with a surface temperature exceeding 6,000°C, cannot physically set into any earthly spring. This description contradicts the established understanding of celestial mechanics.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 18:86


5. The Shape of the Earth

  • Surah 15:19 describes the earth as “spread out flat.”

Modern astronomy and physics confirm that the Earth is spherical. Thus, this Quranic description reflects pre-scientific cosmology rather than divine omniscience.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 15:19


6. The Origin of Semen

  • Surah 86:6–7 claims that semen originates from between the backbone and the ribs.

Modern biology conclusively demonstrates that semen is produced in the testes, not between the spine and the ribs. This statement reveals a fundamental misunderstanding of human anatomy, suggesting a human rather than divine source.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 86:6–7


7. Mary as the Sister of Aaron

  • Surah 19:27–28 identifies Mary (the mother of Jesus) as the “sister of Aaron.”

Historically, Aaron, the brother of Moses, lived approximately 1,300 years before Mary. This conflation of two distinct individuals named Mary reveals a significant historical and genealogical error.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 19:27–28


8. Pharaoh and Haman as Contemporaries

  • Surah 28:8 claims that Pharaoh and Haman lived and worked together.

Historical and archaeological evidence, however, shows that Pharaoh (of Egypt) and Haman (of Persia, during the time of Esther) lived approximately a millennium apart and in entirely different empires. Such historical inaccuracies further discredit the Quran’s claim to divine revelation.

Reference:

  • Qur’an 28:8


Conclusion

The inconsistencies and scientific errors identified within the Quran raise serious doubts about its divine origin. If a text attributed to an omniscient God contains demonstrable contradictions and factual inaccuracies, then its claim to inerrancy cannot stand. Instead, these internal discrepancies suggest human authorship influenced by the cultural, historical, and scientific limitations of seventh-century Arabia.

This analysis underscores the need for honest theological reflection and comparative scriptural study. The Quran, while a significant historical and religious text, cannot be upheld as the flawless word of God when examined through critical, rational, and empirical inquiry.


References

  1. The Qur’an, Surah 54:19; 69:6–7; 19:17; 3:42; 28:40; 10:92; 18:86; 15:19; 86:6–7; 19:27–28; 28:8.

  2. Ali, A. Y. (1989). The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary. Amana Publications.

  3. Pickthall, M. (1930). The Meaning of the Glorious Koran. Alfred A. Knopf.

  4. Sarwar, S. (2002). Qur’anic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation. Islamic Research Institute.

  5. Watt, W. M. (1970). Bell’s Introduction to the Qur’an. Edinburgh University Press.

  6. Shimba, M. (2015). Quran Imejaa Shaka na Maswali ya Kutatanisha. Shimba Theological Institute.



The Incompatibility of Quranic Doctrine with Genuine Peacebuilding

The Incompatibility of Quranic Doctrine with Genuine Peacebuilding

By Dr. Maxwell Shimba
Shimba Theological Institute

The recurring attempts by world leaders to broker peace accords between Islamic nations and Western or Judeo-Christian states raise critical theological and ideological questions. Despite their diplomatic enthusiasm, many seem to overlook a fundamental doctrinal obstacle embedded within Islamic scripture itself. The Qur’an, in Surah al-Ma’idah (5:51), explicitly warns Muslims:

“O you who believe! Do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are allies of one another. And whoever among you turns to them for alliance is one of them. Indeed, Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.”

This verse has profound implications for interfaith relations and international diplomacy. The prohibition is not merely historical or symbolic—it establishes a theological boundary that discourages genuine friendship, trust, and alliance with Jews and Christians. Consequently, any peace initiative that disregards this doctrinal command risks being superficial and unsustainable.

Diplomatic efforts that ignore the ideological foundations of Islamic thought often devolve into ceremonial gestures—symbolic treaties without transformative impact. Western leaders, in their pursuit of political harmony, frequently treat the Middle East as a psychological or humanitarian project rather than a region governed by deep theological convictions. By neglecting to address the religious imperatives that shape Islamic geopolitics, they inadvertently engage in diplomatic theater rather than realistic statecraft.

True peace requires not only political negotiation but also theological reconciliation. Until the core ideological tenets—such as the Quranic prohibition against befriending Jews and Christians—are critically examined and theologically reinterpreted within the Muslim world, the prospects for enduring peace remain fragile. The conflict, therefore, is not merely territorial or political but fundamentally doctrinal in nature.



HOW THE APOSTLE PAUL DEPRIVES MUSLIMS OF SLEEP

 Monday, July 13, 2015

HOW THE APOSTLE PAUL DEPRIVES MUSLIMS OF SLEEP
By Maxwell Shimba Ministries Org

Among the people who most trouble our Muslim brethren is the hero of the Lord Jesus — the Apostle Paul. This opposition did not begin with Muslims alone; it started long ago with those who upheld the Law during Paul’s time — the Pharisees, the chief priests, the scribes, and the ordinary Jews who followed Judaism.

Muslims are simply continuing the same old spirit of opposition against the saving Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Below are some of the reasons Muslims often give for rejecting the Apostle Paul, as I encountered them on a Facebook post by a Muslim brother:


ONE: They claim that Paul prohibited circumcision; that’s why most Christians today are uncircumcised.

Answer:
Circumcision is merely a matter of physical health; it has no relation to entering heaven. If you choose to be circumcised, it benefits your body, not your soul. What goes to heaven is the soul, not the body. Whether circumcised or not, the body decays in the grave.

Therefore, God used circumcision as a symbol of spiritual truth, not physical ritual.

  • Deuteronomy 10:16: “Circumcise your hearts, therefore, and do not be stiff-necked any longer.”

  • Deuteronomy 30:6: “The LORD your God will circumcise your hearts and the hearts of your descendants, so that you may love Him with all your heart and with all your soul, and live.”

  • Jeremiah 4:4: “Circumcise yourselves to the LORD, circumcise your hearts, you people of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem, or my wrath will flare up and burn like fire because of the evil you have done.”


TWO: They claim Paul was a terrorist who killed Jesus’ followers, then pretended to be their apostle in order to destroy them intellectually.

Answer:
That’s a laughable argument. Since when have you cared about the disciples of Jesus? What do you say about the extremist groups that kill Christians today, destroy churches, and force people to worship false gods? Do you condemn them?

Paul was indeed a persecutor before knowing Christ — just as all of us were sinners before meeting Christ. And Jesus said:

  • Luke 5:31–32: “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.”

Jesus calls sinners so that He may give them new hearts filled with love, compassion, and service toward others. If Paul was once a murderer, the only one who had the right to complain would be Jesus Himself — not you, who harbor hatred against Paul.


THREE: They claim Paul introduced homosexuality to the world.

Answer:
That is a lie from the pit of hell. Paul clearly condemns homosexuality:

  • 1 Corinthians 6:9: “Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral nor idolaters nor adulterers nor men who have sex with men.”

Think carefully — who is deceiving whom? It is you deceiving yourself.


FOUR: They claim Paul said alcohol is medicine.

Answer:
That too is false. Paul only advised Timothy to use a little wine for stomach ailments:

  • 1 Timothy 5:23: “Stop drinking only water, and use a little wine because of your stomach and your frequent illnesses.”

Paul was not encouraging drunkenness or recreational drinking. He meant a little wine for medical purposes. If you are not sick but crave wine, you are simply a drunkard. Moreover, today there are many effective medicines for stomach issues.

The same Paul also said:

  • Ephesians 5:18: “Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to debauchery. Instead, be filled with the Spirit.”


FIVE: They claim Paul said God looks at the spirit, not the body, hence Christians dress immodestly.

Answer:
Firstly, it wasn’t Paul alone who emphasized the heart’s purity. Jesus Himself said:

  • Matthew 23:25–27: “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence... You are like whitewashed tombs, which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of the bones of the dead.”

Secondly, the Bible never condones nudity or indecency. Paul wrote:

  • 1 Corinthians 8:13: “If what I eat causes my brother to fall into sin, I will never eat meat again, so that I will not cause him to fall.”

That means if your behavior causes others to sin — even if it seems harmless — you will be judged.

Paul also wrote:

  • 1 Timothy 2:9: “I also want women to dress modestly, with decency and propriety, not with elaborate hairstyles or gold or pearls or expensive clothes.”

And Jesus warned:

  • Matthew 18:7: “Woe to the world because of the things that cause people to stumble! Such things must come, but woe to the person through whom they come!”


SIX: They claim Paul said people should greet one another with a kiss, and he called it holy.

Answer:
When someone hates you, everything you do will be twisted. Paul spoke of a holy kiss, not a carnal one. If I tell you, “Drink clean water,” am I wrong?

A “holy kiss” symbolizes pure fellowship among believers, not immorality. The problem lies not in the act but in the evil heart of the accuser.


SEVEN: They claim Paul said all foods are permissible.

Answer:
Not only Paul said this — even Jesus Himself declared it:

  • Matthew 15:15–20: “Don’t you see that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and then out of the body?... But the things that come out of a person’s mouth come from the heart, and these defile them.”

Every culture has its dietary norms. If others eat dogs, snakes, or snails, let them be — for what goes into the stomach does not defile the soul.


EIGHT: They claim Paul created a mixed religion called Christianity.

Answer:
We follow Christ Jesus — just as Paul followed Christ. Do you know Paul better than Peter, who lived and ministered with him?

Peter wrote:

  • 2 Peter 3:15–17: “Bear in mind that our Lord’s patience means salvation, just as our dear brother Paul also wrote you with the wisdom that God gave him... His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction.”

If someone chooses to reject Paul and side with those who oppose him, that’s their choice — but we will not abandon the faithful servants of Jesus Christ to embrace lies born of hatred.


NINE: They claim Paul alone said Jesus is God Almighty, while Jesus denied it.

Answer:
Did Paul write the book of Isaiah?

  • Isaiah 9:6: “For to us a child is born... and He will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.”

Did Paul write the Gospel of John?

  • John 1:1: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.”

Clearly, the divinity of Christ was revealed long before Paul.


TEN: They claim Paul brought the Gospel to the Gentiles when it was meant for Israel only.

Answer:
Long before Paul, God had declared salvation for all nations. Jesus Himself commanded:

  • Matthew 28:19: “Go therefore and make disciples of all nations...”

  • John 3:17: “For God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through Him.”

  • John 12:47: “I did not come to judge the world, but to save it.”

  • John 10:16: “I have other sheep that are not of this sheepfold; I must bring them also.”

  • Matthew 24:14: “This gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.”


ELEVEN: They claim Paul insulted the Law by calling it a curse.

Answer:
The Law itself is not a curse — rather, breaking it brings a curse. The command “Do not steal” is not evil; the thief brings the curse upon himself, not the Law.

Paul wrote:

  • Romans 7:12–13: “So then, the law is holy, and the commandment is holy, righteous, and good... But sin, in order that it might be recognized as sin, produced death in me through what was good.”

Thus, saying Paul called the Law a curse is false and a distortion of Scripture.


TWELVE: They claim Paul abolished the Law, despite Jesus saying it would not pass away.

Answer:
Jesus said in Matthew 5:18: “Until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished.”

This means the Law remains until its fulfillment. For example, prophecy said the Messiah would be born in Bethlehem — and that has already been fulfilled (Matthew 2:6).

Therefore, if you still cling to prophecies that have already been fulfilled, you’ve misunderstood Scripture.


CONCLUSION: HOW LONG WILL YOU BE DECEIVED?

How long will you embrace destruction? Hatred blinds the heart and drives a person to spread lies — which he eventually believes himself, deceiving his own soul.

As the prophet Isaiah said:

  • Matthew 13:14: “You will indeed hear but never understand; you will indeed see but never perceive.”


© Maxwell Shimba Ministries Org
July 13, 2015

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