Monday, July 14, 2025

"Major Scientific Errors in Islam Regarding the Sun"

By Max Shimba, Servant of Jesus Christ

For Max Shimba Ministries Org | April 2, 2016


1. Muhammad and Allah Say the Sun Moves

2. Muhammad Says the Sun Prostrates to Allah

3. Muhammad Says the Sun Wears a Garment, Which Causes Night Darkness

Dear reader,
I have often said that Allah is not the Creator, but Muslims have been stubborn to accept this and instead begin insulting me. Today, I bring you another piece of evidence that Allah did not create, and Muhammad is a false prophet.

What Did Muhammad and the Early Muslims Say About the Sun?

Where would you go to find the correct meaning of the Quran? Zamakhshari? al-Tabari? Baidawi? If you were an early Muslim, you could go to Muhammad himself! Listen to how Muhammad explained it, according to Bukhari and al-Tabari:

“Abu Dharr reported: The Prophet asked me at sunset, ‘Do you know where the sun goes (at sunset)?’ I replied, ‘Allah and His Messenger know best.’ He said, ‘It goes (i.e., it travels) until it prostrates itself beneath the Throne and seeks permission to rise again. It is then permitted. But a time will come when it will be about to prostrate, and its prostration will not be accepted...’”
(Sahih Bukhari, Vol. 4, Book 54, Chapter 4, Hadith No. 441, p.283)

Muhammad Says the Sun Prostrates Under Allah's Throne

Another version of the same Bukhari hadith says:

“Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (RA) narrated: One day, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) asked me, ‘Abu Dharr, do you know where the sun goes after it sets?’ I replied, ‘I do not know. Only the Messenger of Allah can explain it best.’ Then the Prophet (SA) answered, ‘After setting, the sun stays in prostration under the Throne (‘Arsh) and waits for Allah’s command to rise again from the east. A day will come when the sun will not be granted permission to rise, and Qiyamah (Judgment Day) will commence upon the earth.’”

Muhammad Contradicts and Says the Sun Sets in the Sky

Muhammad Says the Sun Wears a Garment/Clothing

According to al-Tabari Volume 1, p.231, “I asked the Messenger of God [Muhammad], ‘Where does [the sun] set?’ He replied: ‘It sets in the heaven and then ascends from one heaven to another until it reaches the seventh heaven. Eventually, when it is beneath the Throne, it falls down in prostration, and the angels that oversee it also prostrate. Then the sun says, ‘My Lord, where do You command me to rise— from the place where I set or the place I rose from?’”

He continued: This is what is meant by God's word: ‘And the sun runs on its fixed course for a term (appointed). That is the Decree of the Almighty, the All-Knowing.’ (Quran) – that is when the sun is held under the Throne.

Then Gabriel brings the sun a garment of radiance taken from the light of the Throne, in proportion to hours and days. The garment is longer during summer and shorter in winter, and average in spring and autumn. [The seasons are said to be due to the garment’s length.]

He continued: The sun wears this garment as one of you wears your robe. Then it is released to orbit the heavenly sphere until it rises from where it is commanded. … The same path is followed by the moon when it rises. But Gabriel brings a different garment from the light beneath God's feet. Thus, the meaning of God’s word: ‘He made the sun a shining glory and the moon a derived light.’”

The Sun and Moon as Signs of Allah

See also:

  • Abu Dawud Vol. 1, Book 2, Hadith 1173, p.304

  • Sunan al-Nasa’i Vol. 2, Hadith 1462–1506 (multiple pages listed)

Dhu al-Qarnayn [Zul Qarnain] Witnesses the Sun Setting in a Muddy Spring

According to al-Tabari Vol. 5, p.173-174 (cf. Surah 18:82–97),
Dhu al-Qarnayn “witnessed the sun setting in its resting place in a pool of black and foul-smelling mud.”

al-Tabari Vol. 1, p.234 also states that the sun sets in a muddy spring.
The term "muddy" is translated from the Arabic hami’ah, meaning dark clay or mud. However, a similar word hamiyah can also mean a scorching substance. (See footnote 442 on p.234.)

“[Muhammad] continued. When the sun rises, it ascends on a chariot (pulled by horses) from one of those springs along with 360 angels…. When God wants to test the sun and moon to show His servants signs and thereby call them to obedience, the sun suddenly falls off its chariot into the depth of the sea, which is circular in shape.
When God wants to intensify the warning sign to further frighten His servants, the entire sun falls in, leaving no part remaining on the chariot. This is a total eclipse of the sun, during which daylight is overtaken by darkness and stars appear.”
(al-Tabari Vol. 1, p.236)


Bibliography: Quran Translations

  1. Arberry, Arthur J. The Koran Interpreted. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1955.

  2. Dawood, N.J. The Koran. Penguin Books, 1956–1999.

  3. Malik, Farooq-i-Azam. English Translation of the Meaning of AL-QUR’AN: The Guidance for Mankind. The Institute of Islamic Knowledge, 1997.

  4. Pickthall, Mohammed Marmaduke. The Meaning of the Glorious Koran. Dar al-Islamiyya (Kuwait).

  5. Rodwell, J.M. The Koran, 1st Ed. Ivy Books, Ballantine Books, 1993.

  6. Shakir, M.H. The Qur’an. Tahrike Tarsile Qur’an, Inc., 12th U.S. Ed. 2001.

  7. Sher Ali, Maulawi. The Holy Qur’an. Islam International Publications Ltd (Ahmadiyya), 1997.

  8. Yusuf ‘Ali, Abdullah. The Holy Qur-an: English Translation of the Meanings and Commentary. Revised by The Presidency of Islamic Researches, IFTA, King Fahd Holy Qur’an Printing Complex, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia (1410 BH).


Additional References

  • Campbell, Dr. William. The Qur’an and the Bible in the Light of History and Science (2nd Ed.). Arab World Ministries, 2002.

  • The Translation of the Meanings of Sahih Al-Bukhari Arabic-English Vol. 1, by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan. Islamic University, Al-Medina Al-Munawwarah, AL MAKTABAT AL SALAFIAT AL MADINATO AL MONAWART.

  • The History of al-Tabari: An Annotated Translation, Ehsan Yar-Shater (General Editor), State University of New York Press, 1989.

  • http://debate.org.uk/topics/history/interprt.htm


God bless you all.
I am Max Shimba, a servant of Jesus Christ.
© 2016 Max Shimba Ministries Org. All rights reserved.
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

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"Major Scientific Errors in Islam Regarding the Sun"

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