THE IMMEDIATELY LIFE OF BELIEVERS AFTER DEATH

              Where Do The Spirits Of Believers Go At Death?

INTRODUCTION

1. Having determined from the Scriptures that man possesses a soul or 
   spirit which continues after death, the question now before us is 
   this:  "Where do the spirits of believers go at death?"

2. In this lesson, I will be examining two different views:
   a. One that I will call the "traditional" view, which is held by many
      Christians
   b. Another that I will propose as the "scriptural" view, which I 
      believe is more in harmony with what is revealed in the New 
      Testament
   -- PLEASE NOTE:  The use of the terms "traditional" and "scriptural"
      is rather arbitrary, used only to distinguish between the two 
      views

[Beginning, then, with...]

I. THE "TRADITIONAL" VIEW EXPLAINED

   A. STATED BRIEFLY, THIS VIEW TEACHES THE FOLLOWING...
      1. When we die...
         a. Our body return to the dust
         b. Our spirits go to HADES, the realm of the "unseen"
      2. This realm of departed spirits (i.e., Hades) is divided into 
         three parts...
         a. PARADISE, the place of rest for the righteous
         b. TARTARUS, the place of torment for the wicked
         c. And a GULF, separating the two
      3. During this interim period between death and the resurrection, 
         the righteous...
         a. Are separated from God and Christ
         b. For God and Christ are "in heaven", and Paradise is in Hades,
            not heaven
      4. Such is the state of the "disembodied spirits" until the 
         Resurrection
         a. At which time the spirits of both the wicked and the 
            righteous will be united with their resurrected bodies
         b. At this time will occur the Judgment, after which...
            1) The RIGHTEOUS will spend eternity with God
            2) The WICKED will spend eternity in "HELL" (Grk., gehenna)

   B. THE SCRIPTURAL JUSTIFICATION FOR THIS VIEW...
      1. Is based heavily upon what we read in Lk 16:16-31
         a. I.e., the story of the rich man and Lazarus
         b. Notice especially verses 22-26
      2. Lk 23:43 is also offered as support
         a. Where we read of the account of Jesus and the thief on the 
            cross
         b. Both of whom would be in PARADISE that very day following 
            their deaths
      3. That this PARADISE was not in HEAVEN where God dwells is based 
         upon Jesus' statement in Jn 20:17
         a. These words of Jesus were made three days after promising 
            the thief they would BOTH be in PARADISE
         b. Yet Jesus had not YET ascended to the Father!
         c. Suggesting, therefore, that PARADISE was not HEAVEN (or IN 
            heaven)!
      4. As further evidence that PARADISE is not in HEAVEN, appeal is 
         made to Ac 2:29-35
         a. Concerning CHRIST...
            1) His soul was not to be left in HADES (the realm of the 
               dead, which included PARADISE)
            2) But after His resurrection Jesus ascended to the right 
               hand of God (i.e., HEAVEN)
         b. Concerning  DAVID...
            1) Surely he went to PARADISE (in HADES) when he died, as 
               did Abraham, Lazarus, and the thief on the cross
            2) But note that Peter said "David did not ascend into the 
               heavens" (Ac 2:34)
               a) Suggesting the one could die, be in HADES (Paradise), 
                  and yet not be in heaven with the Father
               b) Just as Christ implied to Mary in Jn 20:17

[Such is the "traditional" view as I understand it.  Now let's take a 
closer look...]

II. THE "TRADITIONAL" VIEW EXAMINED

SEHEMU YA KWANZA AMBAYO WASIO MWAMINI YESU WATAINGIA

Yesu huku akitumia mfano wa self centered ungodly rich man (in Luke 16). The Rich man died, na Biblia inatuambia kuwa alipokuwa Hell yule mtu alifanya haya “and in hell he lifted up his eyes, being in torments” (Luke 16:23). Hili neno na au Jina “hell” is “Hades,” ambalo limetumika mara nyingi katika Agano Jipya likielezea wapi watakuwa na au enda watu ambao hawakumpokea Yesu immediately upon death.
Sasa basi, Neno la Kigiriki linalo maanisha “hell” as a final destiny/kama sehemu ya MWISHO ya Binadamu ni tofauti kabisa, nikimaanisha kuwa, hapa walipo huyu Rich Man was not a final destiny. Nitakuonyesha hapa wapi ni sehemu ya mwisho ya hawa ambao hawakumpokea Yesu. Biblia inatumabia kuwa Jehannam ndio itakuwa Sehemu ya Mwisho ya Watenda dhambi ambayo Yesu alitumia hili jina ambalo ilikuwa ni sehemu halisi wakati ule iliyo julikana kama “gehenna” iliyopo katika Valley of Hinnom, sehemu ambayo walikuwa wanatupa takataka na kuzichoma pale kusini mwa Jerusalemu. Hii sehemu ilikuwa sehemu ambayo wild dogs gnashed their teeth as they fought over the garbage of the dump. Sasa basi, "Gehenna" na au Jehannam ndio final place of punishment/ziwa la moto; IN CONTRAST, Hell na au kwa jina lingine "Hades" ni intermediate place/sehemu unayo ingia punde baada ya kifo.
Ngoja niendelee kidogo, Katika Luka 16, Yesu anasema kuwa roho za watenda dhambi zitaingia na ua kwenda “Hades/Hell” after death, lakini katika Matayo 10:28 Yesu anazungumzia kuhusu hell also. Pale anasema kuwa zote mbili Roho na Mwili "soul and body" zitatupwa “gehenna” na au Jehannam baada ya kufufuka tena na baada ya hukumu ya MWISHO. In Matthew 10 Jesus is talking about final judgment, LAKINIA KATIKA LUKA 16 Yesu anazungumzia kuhusu nini kitatokea immediately after death.
Kama nilivyo sema kwenye posti yangu ya awali kuwa, Hades/Hell ni sawa na Keko ya Kitanzania (a temporary prison), until the sentence is determined. Lakini (gehenna na au Jehannam) ndio UKONGA yenyewe ambayo unakwenda pale tu, baada ya kupewa hukumu ya mwisho.
Nita weka posti nyingine ambayo inazungumzia wapi wataenda walio Mpokea Yesu.

Mungu Awabariki sana,

Nini Maana ya "PNEUMA"?

Wiki hii nimeulizwa mara kadhaa na watumishi wa Mungu, kuhusu hili neno "Pneuma" NA NINI HASA LINA MAANISHA?

Sasa nitatumia Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible kujibu swali la "Pneuma" ambalo limeulizwa mara kadhaa hapa. 

Pneuma is a consolidation of two words "Pneo + ma = Pneuma.
Maana ya neno "Pneo" aka "pnyoo" = 4154 and 4157 means breeze or respiration which can mean breath or wind. 
Maana ya neno "Mah" is an expressive of Master which means one who has control of a person, or Master. Hii ipo kwenye STRONG Number 2962. 

Now the complete word "Pneuma=4151" or "Pneumatikos=4153"
Sasa nitaanza na Number 4153 which is the adverb of 4152 ikimaanisha (1) non physical i.e divinely, figuratively:- spiritually.

Sasa ukiangalia number 4152 which comes after 4151 inamaanisha (1) non-carnal i.e (humanly) ethereal (as opposed to gross) or (demonically) a spirit(concr) or (divinely) supernatural, regenerate, religious :- spiritual. Comp 5591.

Finally pneuma ambayo ni number 4151 inamaanisha (1) a current of air, i.e breath (blast) or (2) a breeze; by a fig. or (3) a spirit, i.e human aka the rational soul, (by impl) vital principle, ment, disposition, etc. (4) Superhuman) an angel, demon or (divine) God, Christ's spirit, Holy Spirit :- ghost, life, spirit(-ual, ually), mind. Comp ipo kwenye number 5590.

NOW, argument ya breath inaweza kujibiwa hivi:
Kwanza tusome Acts 2:2 Suddenly a sound like that of a violent rushing wind came from heaven, and it filled the whole house where they were staying.

What exactly happened here. Tumesoma mara nyingi kuwa Siku hii ya Pentekoste ndipo watu walijazwa na Roho Mtakatifu.

Kumbe basi, expression ya Holy Spirit imesemwa kama rushing wind lakini haimaniishi kuwa Holy Spirit ni Wind or Rushing wind. But that was the expression of His Presence. Ndio maana kwenye pneuma wanasema "current of air" ikimaanisha expression of that which is invisible, the spirit of a person kama ilivyo semwa kwenye Zachariah 12: 1.

SEHEMU WATAYO KWENDA WATU AMBAO WALIMPOKEA YESU PUNDE BAADA YA KIFO

Biblia inatuambia kuwa wale ambao walifua "those who are saved" (11 Peter 1:18-19), will at death go to be with Christ in Paradise. Ngoja nikuonyeshe wapi ni Paradiso.

Yesu anasema kuwa watu ambao watakufa, wataenda Paradiso ambayo ni sehemu ya kwanza kabla ya kwenda kwenye permanent place. PALE MSALABANI, Yesu alimwambia yule Mwizi kuwa "LEO HII UTAKUWA NAMI PARADISO" haya yameandikwa katika Luka 23:43. Wale walio kufa katika Kristo, wataingia hii sehemu ambayo ndio waiting area wakisubiri kupewa final reward-and the future life in Heaven/New Earth as fully exhibited in the Bible.

Katika Agano jipya, Paradiso imesemwa mara nyingi. Mfano, Mtume Paulo was “caught up into Paradise” (2 Wakorintho 12:4). Bwana wetu Yesu anasema hivi, those who overcome shall “eat from the tree of life, which is in the midst of the Paradise of God” (Ufunuo 2:7).

Biblia inaendelea kutunua kuwa Yesu alipo kufa Msalabani alienda kwanza "Hades before He went back to the Father" na alipo fufuka ndio alikwenda kwa Baba yake. Katika Matendo ya Mitume 2:27 inatumabia kuwa [Kwa maana hutaiacha roho yangu katika kuzimu; Wala hutamtoa Mtakatifu wako aone uharibifu] His soul was not left in Hades and that His body did not see corruption. 

Lakini katima Metendo 2:32-33 inatuambia kuwa Kristo aliinuliwa na yupo upande wa Kuumbe wa Mungu Baba, inter-alia, we read in Ephesians 4:8-10 that when Christ “ascended on high, He led captivity captive.” Yesu alipo kwenda "Hades" alikwenda kuwaweka huru watu wa Agano(Saints) la kale maana wao walikuwa hawajaisia Injili na akawachukua to Paradise to be with Him. Kwasasa, wale ambao walio mpokea Yesu wakifa wanakuwa absent from the body na kuwa present with the Lord” (2 Wakorintho 5:8) in Paradiso.

SASA, aya tulizo zisoma zinatuhakikishia kuwa wale wambao WAMEOKOKA wanakijikuta Paradiso ounde tu wanapo kufa na WATENDA DHAMBI wao wanajikuta Hades/Hell punde baada ya kifo. Zaidi ya hapo, nini hasa kinaendelea wakati watu walio kufa wanafanya wakiwa either PARADISO au Hell/HADES, Biblia haikutuambia na au imekaa kimya (in these temporary abodes) is not revealed in Scripture.

SASA tunafahamu mamabo makuu mawili: Unbelievers watakuwa katika hali ya anguish and torment (Luka 16:2328; 2 Peter 2:9). WALIO OKOKA watakuwa in joyful satisfaction (Ufunuo 14:13; Matendo 7:59; Wafilipi 1:23; 2 Wakorintho 5:8).

Hawa walio mpokea YESU watakuwa Paradiso ya Mungu na watapokea MIILI MIPYA, na baadae wataingia makao yao mapya ambayo YESU ALISEMA KUWA He is preparing for His people (Yohana 14:1-3).

Mungu awabariki sana Watumishi

The Nature of man: Body, Spirit & Soul

I. Two different views of man's nature:

A. Carnalist/apostate view: Man is a monochotomous (single natured) being:

1. "carnalist" groups all hold this view: Jw's, Adventists, Plain Truth/Armstrong, Christadelphians
2. Carnalists are merely modern day Sadducees: Acts 23:6-9 notice that in regard to the three items mentioned, Paul sided with the Pharisees against the Sadducees.
3. They teach man is composed wholly of matter and cannot exist or function apart from the body
4. They define spirit and soul as breath, blood, energy, life force etc.

• Spirit is to the body, what electricity is to a light bulb, gas to a car, electrons to a computer
• When the power is turned off, the computer ceases to operate or "dies" and is no more "alive" than a stone.
• If a computer is smashed to pieces while it is running, its "life force" leaves it and it ceases to operate and exist as a computer. So is man when he dies

1. They do not believe man has any existence or consciousness after death: No life after death!
2. They believe Jesus ceased to exist for the three days he was dead

B. Biblical view: Man is a dichotomous (dual natured) being:

1. Man is composed partly of matter (body) and partly of non-material soul and spirit.
2. In a more technical sense man is trichotomous possessing body, soul and spirit: 1 Thess 5:23
3. Soul and spirit can be divided: Heb 4:12 "Joints & marrow" are to the physical half of man what "soul & spirit" is the spiritual half of man
4. Soul and spirit, although different in some way are used interchangeable in scripture: Lk 1:46-47

II. Arguments to prove the dichotomous (dual) nature of man:

A. Properly define the meaning of the word death:

1. Carnalists define death as the cessation of all activity, awareness and consciousness
2. It is never defined by lexicographers as annihilation, non-existence or unconsciousness but a separation. Death in the Bible is pictured as a separation between two things.

• Physical death: (separation of body and soul): Eccl 12;7; Gen 25:17; Jas 2;26
• Spiritual death: (separation of God & man):Gen 2:17; Isa 59:1-2; Lk 15:24; Mt 8:22; Eph 2:1,5;1 Ti 5:6

1. Hell is described as the second (spiritual) death: Rev 20:14-15 Our first spiritual death was when we first sinned and were separated from God. We will be reuited with God again at the judgement. The wicked will be separated from God a second time for eternity in hell.
2. Dead to sin joined to God: Rom 6:2,11; Gal 2:24
3. Dead to the Law of Moses, joined to Law of Christ: Rom 7:4; Gal 2:19

B. The word soul is used in many different ways in the Bible

1. Carnalists emphasize that man does not have a soul, rather man is a soul. Soul=physical life
2. Carnalists quickly point out that both man and animals have "souls": Gen 1:30; Job 12:10
3. How can a corpse of a man be called a "soul" according to their narrow definitions? Num 19:13
4. Different meanings of soul:

• Physical body: Mt 2:20; Lev 17:11; (Dead: Num 19:13)
• The immaterial invisible part of man separate from the physical life: Mt 10:28
• The basic will: Mt 11:29; Jas 1:8; 4:8- "two-souled", Acts 4:32- "congregation was one soul"

C. The word spirit is used in many different ways in the Bible

1. When Carnalists show you a verse to prove their definition of the word soul or spirit, their proof texts are usually interpreted correctly. Simply agree to their definition in that verse then turn to the many verses where none of their definitions fit.
2. Carnalists teach that man's spirit is his breath or life force like electricity and is non-conscious
3. Spirit means breath in Gen 2:7 & 2 Th 2:8, does it mean this every time it is used in the Bible?

• "power over unclean breath" a bottle of listerine? Mt 10:1
• "breath refreshed" a candy mint? 2 Cor 7:13
• "troubled in breath" asthma? Jn 13:21
• "Meek and quiet breath" Didn't snore? 1 Pet 3:4
• "They thought they had seen a breath" vapour in very cold weather? Lk 24:37
• "Father into thy hands I commit my breath" cupped in His hands for 3 days? Lk 23:46

1. Spirit can refer to material things like wind-Jn 3:8

• Vine: pneuma (pneuma) primarily denote the wind also breath; then especially the spirit, like the wind, is invisible, immaterial and powerful.
• Spirit or wind is a "word picture" for the non-material part of man and the essence of God

1. Spirit can refer to the sum of all character qualities:

• Spirit of fear: 2 Ti 1:7
• Patience of spirit vs. haughtiness of spirit: Eccl 7:8
• Meek and quiet spirit: 1 Pe 3:4
• Spirit of gentleness: 1 Cor 4:21
• Fervent in spirit: Acts 18:25
• the spirit is willing: Mt 26:41
• stand fast in one spirit (purpose): Phil 1:27
• his spirit stirred (motivated) within in; Acts 17:16
• In the spirit (character) of Elijah: Lk 1:17

1. Spirit can refer to intelligent conscious being apart from the physical body: Lk 24:39

• God is a spirit: Jn 4:24
• Jesus committed His Spirit into God's hands: Lk 23:46
• The Holy Spirit is a "He" not an "It": Jn 16:12-14
• Angels are spirits: Heb 1:14
• Demons are spirits: Lk 4:33; Eph 6:12
• Man has a spirit: Acts 7:59 (man is created in spiritual image of God, not physical image)

D. "I think I saw a ghost!" (Jesus' disciples believed in spirits and He didn't correct them)

1. Transfiguration had Elijah and Moses appear in spirit form: Mt 17:1-5
2. Jesus appeared twice after resurrection and disciples thought He was a ghost Mk 6:47-51
3. Jesus stood in disciples midst after raising & thought they were seeing a spirit Lk 24:36-39
4. Sadducees deny angel & spirit but Paul & Pharisees accept them: Acts 23:6-9

E. Carnalists believe man is wholly physical and material yet the Bible says:

You're not getting older...but better!
Text	Outward man	Inward man
2 Cor 4:16	Outward man decaying	Inward man renewed
Rom 7:22	The body	The inward man
Mt 26:41	Flesh weak	Spirit willing
3 Jn 2	Be in good health	just as your soul prospers

F. Carnalists believe man is monochotomous (single) natured yet the Bible says:

Spirit

spirit ~ (A) ~ part of a living person, which we cannot see. Jesus sends the Holy Spirit (the Spirit of God) to all who follow him.

spirit ~ (A) ~ spirits are alive, but we cannot see them. There are good spirits usually called angels . Bad spirits (also called evil spirits, or demons) live in the air round us. Satan is their leader.

Spirit ~ (A) ~ the Holy Spirit.

spirit ~ (A) ~ the part of a person that is alive, that we cannot see. Our spirit can speak to God and God can speak to our spirit .

spirit ~ (A) ~ the part of a person that is alive, which we cannot see; there are spirits that we cannot see; they can be good or bad; God's Holy Spirit that Jesus promised to send to all who know him as the Son of God; nobody sees the Holy Spirit but he joins with the spirit of those who know Jesus; the Holy Sprit helps a person to follow Jesus and to do good things.

spirit ~ (A) ~ the part of us that lives when our body dies; a being that is always alive, even without a body; the part of a person that will always be alive, even after their body is dead. There are good spirits, like God's Spirit and his angels . And there are bad spirits, like Satan and his angels .

spirit ~ (B) ~ part of a person when they are alive; we cannot see it; it decides what to do - good or bad; the soul of a person; God's Holy Spirit , that Jesus promised to send to all who know him as the Son of God; the Spirit cannot be seen. He joins with the spirit of those who know Jesus; the Holy Spirit helps a person to follow Jesus and to do good things.

Similarities between Non-theists and Muhammadans

Similarities between

Non-theists and Muhammadans

EXHIBIT 1

Both Non-theists and Muhammadans deny the existence of God.

Islam:

1. Allah: There is NO God but Allah, ……

Non theists:

2. Darwinites: God does not exist,……

As you can see, both non-theists and Muslims deny the existence of God.

EXHIBIT 2

Both Non-theists and Muhammadans support evolutions:

Islam:

1. Allah will change all Jews into Apes and Pigs…….

Non theists:

2. Man evolved from Monkeys, …..

As you can see, both non-theists and Muhammadans dogma fallacies say humans are related to Primates.

EXHIBIT 3

Both Non-theists and Muhammadans hate Black Africans.

Islam:

1. Prophet Muhammad said Black Africans looks like Satan….

Non theists:

2. Black Africans are savages and less intelligent beings and should be eliminated.

As you can see, both non-theists and Muslims are racial profiling Black Africans.

EXHIBIT 4

Both Non-theists and Muhammadans hate Christians.

Islam:

1. Allah: Do not make friendship with Christians and ….

Non theists:

2. Kill all Christians who believe in God. Example Malicious killing of Christians at the time of USSR/Communists /Non theists Hate God.

As you can see, both non-theists and Muslims want to eliminate Christians.

EXHIBIT 5:

Both Non-theists and Muhammadans are diabolical cult and believe in dead prophets.

Islam:

1. Prophet Muhammad died in the year…

Non theists:

2. c darwin died in the year…..

As you can see, both non-theists and Muslims are diabolical cult and believe and follow dead humans.

What will happen to those who die without hearing anything of Christ Jesus?

The Holy Bible makes it conspicuous and crystal clear that while there are might be people in the world who may not have heard of Christ Jesus, simultaneously, none of them can plead ignorance of God their Creator.

“The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handiwork” (Psalm 19:1, KJV).

“Ever since the creation of the world his invisible nature, namely, his eternal power and deity, has been clearly perceived in the things that have been made” (Romans 1:20)

Wherefore, the order, regularity and natural laws of the universe are the permanent veracity and impeccable airtight testimony of the Invisible God, the Creator of all things, of which all people are instinctively aware. As a consequence, we find among the most ignorant peoples on the earth a desire to worship God, even though it may be in a perverted form.

The Holy Scriptures declared that there is life after death and future judgment upon all living souls, in the same token, the infallible teaching tells us that the heathen who has died without any knowledge of Christ Jesus will be judged without the law as fully exhibited in the Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Romans Chapter 2: 12-15)[12 For as many as have sinned without the law shall also perish without law: and as many as have sinned in the law shall be judged by the law; 13 For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified 14 For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves. 15 Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another]. This means that this person will not be judged according to the supernaturally revealed Mosaic laws, or according to the Gospel of Jesus Christ which he or she has never heard. This person will be judged instead by the law written upon his or her own heart, the product of his or her own conscience, making him/her a law to him/herself. This person will be judged according to the way he/she has obeyed that conscience, weak though it may be, and ignorant though he/she may be concerning God and Christ Jesus.

The Bible says nothing about the fate of those who have never heard of Jesus Christ. However, Jesus makes it plain that there is only one condition of entry into the Kingdom of Heaven and Eternity spent with Him: “Unless one is born anew, he or she cannot enter the Kingdom of God” (John 3:3).

Only the person who has been born again into the family of God through repentance from sin and faith in Christ Jesus will inherit the Kingdom of God. There are no exceptions in this declaration of Jesus Christ.

On a matter where the Holy Scripture are silent, we are often wise to be silent too. We know that we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ Jesus according to 2 Corinthians Chapter 5 Verse 10, but we also know that God cannot be untrue to His own nature:

Je Mungu aliumba maovu?

Mwanzo yaweza oneekana ya kwamba ikiwa Mungu aliumba vitu vyite, kwa hivyo hata uovu uliumbwa na Mungu. Ingawaje uovu siyo “kitu” kama mwamba au umeme. Huwezi kuwa na ghala la uovu. Ouvu hauwezi kujitegemea; ni kutokuwa na uzuri halisi. Kwa mfano, shimo ni kitu wazi, lakini linaweza kuwa kitu kingine. Tunaita ukesefu wa ugumu shimo, lakini haiwezi tenganishwa na ugumu. Kwa hivyo wakati Mungu aliumba, ni kweli kwamba vyote alivyo viumba vilikiwa vizuri. Kati ya kitu kizuri Mungu aliumba, vilikuwa viumbe vyenye uhuru wa kuchagua lililo jema. Ili tuwe na chaguo halisi, Mungu aliweza kuruhusu kuwepo na jambo kando ya jambo jema ili kuwepo na chaguo. Kwa hivyo Mungu aliruhusu hawa malaika huru na wanadamu kuchagua jema ama kukataa lililo jema (uovu). Wakati uhusiano upo kati ya vitu viwili vizuri, huwa tunasema kwamba huo ni uovu, lakini hiyo haiwezi kuwa “kitu” kilicho mlazimisha Mungu kukiumba.

Hata elezo zaidi litazaidia. Ikiwa mtu ameulizwa, “Je baridi huwepo?” pengine jibu litakuwa “ndio” ingawa hii huenda isiwe kweli. Baridi haiwepo, bali huja kunapokosekana joto. Vile vile, giza haliwepo; ni kutokuwa na mwangaza. Kwa hivyo uovu ni kutokuwa na wema, ama uzuri, uovu ni kukosekana na uwepo wa Mungu. Haikumlazimu Mungu kuumba uovu, lakini kuhurusu uovu kwa kukosa kwa wema.

Mungu hakuumba uovu, lakini uruhusu uovu uwepo. Kama Mungu hangeruhusu nafasi ya uovu, wote mwanadamu na malaika wengemtumikia Mungu kwa lazima, bali si kwa kuchagua. Mungu hakutaka “miigizo” kwa ufupi yenye ingefanya chenye aliwataka wafanye kwa sababu ya “ratiba” yao. Mungu aliruhusu jukumu la uovu ili tuwe na nia njema ya kweli na kuchagua ikiwa ama hatukutaka kumtumikia.

Nani alimuumba Mungu?

 Mungu alitoka wapi?

Wazo la pamoja la wasiomwamini Mungu na wanaomshuku Mungu, ni kama vitu vyote vinaitaji mwanzo, kwa hivyo Mungu lazima ahitaji mwanzo. Kaauli yao ni Mungu anaitaji mwanzo, kwa hivyo Mungu si Mungu (na kama Mungu si Mungu, kwa hivyo hakuna Mungu). Hii ndio njia ya kutatanisha sana kwa swali la namna hii “Nani alimuumba Mungu?” kila mmoja anajua kuwa hakuna kitu kinaweza kutoka mahali wazi. Kwa hivyo kama Mungu ni “kitu” kwa hivyo lazima awe na aliye muumba, kweli?

Swali hili latatanisha kwa sababu linaingiza dhana ya kupotosha ya kuwa Mungu alitoka mahali na kuuliza, mahali hapo panaweza kuwa wapi. Jibu kwa swali hili halina maana. Ni sawa na kuuliza, “Rangi ya samawati huwa na harufu gani?” Samawati si kikundi cha harufu, kwa hivyo swali limekuwa na dosari. Vile vile Mungu hayuko kwa kikundi cha vitu vilivyoumbwa ama kutengezwa. Mungu hawezi kuumbwa au kutengezwa, huwa anaishi.

Tunawezaje kujua haya? Tunajua kutoka uwazi, hakutoki kitu. Kwa hivyo kama kulikuwa na wakati hakukuwa na kitu chochote ulimwenguni, kwa hivyo hakungekuwa na kitu chochote ulimwenguni. Lakini vitu huwepo. Kati ya vyote kinachodumu ni Mungu. Mungu ni kitu kisicho tengenezwa ambacho kilifanya vyote viwepo. Mungu hawezi kuumbika ambaye ndiye muumbaji wa ulimwengu na vyote vilivyomo.